重庆理工大学学报（自然科学）

重庆理工大学学报（自然科学） ›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 301-307.

• 能源动力环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

燃料电池空气进气流量建模与仿真分析

刘振博，张 宁，谢 雨   

  1. 北京信息科技大学 机电工程学院，北京 １００１９２
  • 出版日期:2023-07-12 发布日期:2023-07-12
  • 作者简介:刘振博，男，博士，实验师，主要从事新能源汽车实验研究，Ｅｍａｉｌ：ｌｚｂ＠ｂｉｓｔｕ．ｅｄｕ．ｃｎ。

Modeling and simulation analysis of air inlet flow in fuel cells

  • Online:2023-07-12 Published:2023-07-12

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摘要： 质子交换膜燃料电池负载电流变化时，其进气流量不当会导致发生氧饥饿，降低电 池的输出效率。为此，搭建了空气供给系统模型，采用传统 ＰＩ控制、模糊控制和模糊 ＰＩ控制策 略分别对空气进气流量进行控制，将阴极实际进气流量与理想进气流量的差值作为控制器输 入，通过控制空压机的电压来控制空压机转速，进而控制空气进气流量，实现闭环控制。以过氧 比随阶跃电流的变化曲线作为观测对象，对 ３种控制策略进行仿真分析。仿真结果表明：３种 控制策略均可将原来的控制时间由 １．５ｓ缩短为 ０．５ｓ，其中，模糊控制的超调量最小；模糊 ＰＩ 控制后空压机消耗能量降低最为明显，比前馈调节降低了 １．０２％。

关键词: 燃料电池, 空气进气流量, 模糊控制, 模糊 ＰＩ控制

Abstract: When the load current of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell changes,its inappropriate air inlet flow will result in oxygen starvation and reduce the output efficiency of the cell.In this way,a model of the air supply system is built,and the traditional PI control,fuzzy control and fuzzy PI control strategies are used to control the air inlet flow respectively.The difference between the actual and ideal air inlet flow of the cathode is taken as the input of the controller.The voltage of the air compressor is adjusted to control its speed,and then the air inlet flow is controlled to achieve closed-loop control.Taking the peroxide ratio change curve with step current as the observation object,the three control strategies are simulated and analyzed.The simulation results show that the three control strategies can shorten the original control time from 1.5 s to 0.5 s,in which the overshoot of the fuzzy control is the smallest.The energy consumption of the air compressor after fuzzy PI control shows the most significant decrease,which is 1.02% lower than that of the feedforward control.

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  • ＴＭ９１１．４